Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2025-11165 (GCVE-0-2025-11165)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-24 08:27 – Updated: 2026-02-24 14:35

Summary

A sandbox escape vulnerability exists in dotCMS’s Velocity scripting engine (VTools) that allows authenticated users with scripting privileges to bypass class and package restrictions enforced by SecureUberspectorImpl. By dynamically modifying the Velocity engine’s runtime configuration and reinitializing its Uberspect, a malicious actor can remove the introspector.restrict.classes and introspector.restrict.packages protections. Once these restrictions are cleared, the attacker can access arbitrary Java classes, including java.lang.Runtime, and execute arbitrary system commands under the privileges of the application process (e.g. dotCMS or Tomcat user).

Severity ?

9.4 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

CWE

CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')

Assigner

dotCMS

References

URL

Tags

https://dev.dotcms.com/docs/known-security-issues…

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	dotCMS	dotCMS	Affected: 24.12 Affected: 25.07

Show details on NVD website

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GHSA-HWVV-M8XC-26X2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-24 09:31 – Updated: 2026-02-24 09:31

Details

By dynamically modifying the Velocity engine’s runtime configuration and reinitializing its Uberspect, a malicious actor can remove the introspector.restrict.classes and introspector.restrict.packages protections.

Once these restrictions are cleared, the attacker can access arbitrary Java classes, including java.lang.Runtime, and execute arbitrary system commands under the privileges of the application process (e.g. dotCMS or Tomcat user).

Severity ?

9.4 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-11165"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-89"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-24T09:16:12Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A sandbox escape vulnerability exists in dotCMS\u2019s Velocity scripting engine (VTools) that allows authenticated users with scripting privileges to bypass class and package restrictions enforced by SecureUberspectorImpl.\n\nBy dynamically modifying the Velocity engine\u2019s runtime configuration and reinitializing its Uberspect, a malicious actor can remove the introspector.restrict.classes and introspector.restrict.packages protections.\n\nOnce these restrictions are cleared, the attacker can access arbitrary Java classes, including java.lang.Runtime, and execute arbitrary system commands under the privileges of the application process (e.g. dotCMS or Tomcat user).",
  "id": "GHSA-hwvv-m8xc-26x2",
  "modified": "2026-02-24T09:31:21Z",
  "published": "2026-02-24T09:31:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11165"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://dev.dotcms.com/docs/known-security-issues?issueNumber=SI-74"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
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      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
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}

FKIE_CVE-2025-11165

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-02-24 09:16 - Updated: 2026-02-24 14:13

Severity ?

9.4 (Critical) - CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security@dotcms.com	https://dev.dotcms.com/docs/known-security-issues?issueNumber=SI-74

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

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      "lang": "en",
      "value": "A sandbox escape vulnerability exists in dotCMS\u2019s Velocity scripting engine (VTools) that allows authenticated users with scripting privileges to bypass class and package restrictions enforced by SecureUberspectorImpl.\n\nBy dynamically modifying the Velocity engine\u2019s runtime configuration and reinitializing its Uberspect, a malicious actor can remove the introspector.restrict.classes and introspector.restrict.packages protections.\n\nOnce these restrictions are cleared, the attacker can access arbitrary Java classes, including java.lang.Runtime, and execute arbitrary system commands under the privileges of the application process (e.g. dotCMS or Tomcat user)."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-11165",
  "lastModified": "2026-02-24T14:13:49.320",
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          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
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Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

CVE-2025-11165 (GCVE-0-2025-11165)

GHSA-HWVV-M8XC-26X2

FKIE_CVE-2025-11165

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature