Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2025-24959 (GCVE-0-2025-24959)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-03 20:48 – Updated: 2025-02-12 20:51

Title

Environment Variable Injection for dotenv API in zx

Summary

zx is a tool for writing better scripts. An attacker with control over environment variable values can inject unintended environment variables into `process.env`. This can lead to arbitrary command execution or unexpected behavior in applications that rely on environment variables for security-sensitive operations. Applications that process untrusted input and pass it through `dotenv.stringify` are particularly vulnerable. This issue has been patched in version 8.3.2. Users should immediately upgrade to this version to mitigate the vulnerability. If upgrading is not feasible, users can mitigate the vulnerability by sanitizing user-controlled environment variable values before passing them to `dotenv.stringify`. Specifically, avoid using `"`, `'`, and backticks in values, or enforce strict validation of environment variables before usage.

Severity ?

1 (Low)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CWE

CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

URL

Tags

	https://github.com/google/zx/security/advisories/…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
	https://github.com/google/zx/pull/1094	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	google	zx	Affected: >= 8.3.0, < 8.3.2

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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FKIE_CVE-2025-24959

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-02-03 21:15 - Updated: 2025-02-03 21:15

Severity ?

1.0 (Low) - CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/google/zx/pull/1094
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/google/zx/security/advisories/GHSA-qwp8-x4ff-5h87

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "zx is a tool for writing better scripts. An attacker with control over environment variable values can inject unintended environment variables into `process.env`. This can lead to arbitrary command execution or unexpected behavior in applications that rely on environment variables for security-sensitive operations. Applications that process untrusted input and pass it through `dotenv.stringify` are particularly vulnerable. This issue has been patched in version 8.3.2. Users should immediately upgrade to this version to mitigate the vulnerability. If upgrading is not feasible, users can mitigate the vulnerability by sanitizing user-controlled environment variable values before passing them to `dotenv.stringify`. Specifically, avoid using `\"`, `\u0027`, and backticks in values, or enforce strict validation of environment variables before usage."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "zx es una herramienta para escribir mejor scripts. Un atacante con control sobre los valores de las variables de entorno puede inyectar variables de entorno no deseadas en `process.env`. Esto puede provocar la ejecuci\u00f3n arbitraria de comandos o un comportamiento inesperado en aplicaciones que dependen de las variables de entorno para operaciones sensibles a la seguridad. Las aplicaciones que procesan entradas no confiables y las pasan a trav\u00e9s de `dotenv.stringify` son particularmente vulnerables. Este problema se ha corregido en la versi\u00f3n 8.3.2. Los usuarios deben actualizar inmediatamente a esta versi\u00f3n para mitigar la vulnerabilidad. Si la actualizaci\u00f3n no es posible, los usuarios pueden mitigar la vulnerabilidad mediante Desinfectando valores de variables de entorno controlados por el usuario antes de pasarlos a `dotenv.stringify`. Espec\u00edficamente, evite usar `\"`, `\u0027` y comillas simples invertidas en los valores, o aplique una validaci\u00f3n estricta de las variables de entorno antes del uso."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-24959",
  "lastModified": "2025-02-03T21:15:15.853",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV40": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "baseScore": 1.0,
          "baseSeverity": "LOW",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "ACTIVE",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "version": "4.0",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
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        "type": "Secondary"
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  "published": "2025-02-03T21:15:15.853",
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      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
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  "vulnStatus": "Awaiting Analysis",
  "weaknesses": [
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-94"
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}

GHSA-QWP8-X4FF-5H87

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-03 22:34 – Updated: 2025-02-04 17:29

Summary

ZX Allows Environment Variable Injection for dotenv API

Details

Impact

This vulnerability is an Environment Variable Injection issue in dotenv.stringify, affecting google/zx version 8.3.1.

An attacker with control over environment variable values can inject unintended environment variables into process.env. This can lead to arbitrary command execution or unexpected behavior in applications that rely on environment variables for security-sensitive operations. Applications that process untrusted input and pass it through dotenv.stringify are particularly vulnerable.

Patches

This issue has been patched in version 8.3.2. Users should immediately upgrade to this version to mitigate the vulnerability.

Workarounds

If upgrading is not feasible, users can mitigate the vulnerability by sanitizing user-controlled environment variable values before passing them to dotenv.stringify. Specifically, avoid using ", ', and backticks in values, or enforce strict validation of environment variables before usage.

References

Severity ?

5.2 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "zx"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "8.3.1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "8.3.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "8.3.1"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-24959"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-74"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-02-03T22:34:08Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-03T21:15:15Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nThis vulnerability is an **Environment Variable Injection** issue in `dotenv.stringify`, affecting `google/zx`  version **8.3.1**.\n\nAn attacker with control over environment variable values can inject unintended environment variables into `process.env`. This can lead to **arbitrary command execution** or **unexpected behavior** in applications that rely on environment variables for security-sensitive operations. Applications that process untrusted input and pass it through `dotenv.stringify` are particularly vulnerable.\n\n### Patches\nThis issue has been **patched** in version **8.3.2**. Users should **immediately upgrade** to this version to mitigate the vulnerability.\n\n### Workarounds\nIf upgrading is not feasible, users can mitigate the vulnerability by **sanitizing user-controlled environment variable values** before passing them to `dotenv.stringify`. Specifically, avoid using `\"`, `\u0027`, and backticks in values, or enforce strict validation of environment variables before usage.\n\n### References\n- [Issue Report](https://github.com/google/zx/issues/)\n- [Security Policy](https://github.com/google/zx/security/policy)\n- [Google Vulnerability Disclosure](https://g.co/vulnz)\n- [Patch](https://github.com/google/zx/pull/1094)",
  "id": "GHSA-qwp8-x4ff-5h87",
  "modified": "2025-02-04T17:29:11Z",
  "published": "2025-02-03T22:34:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/google/zx/security/advisories/GHSA-qwp8-x4ff-5h87"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24959"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/google/zx/pull/1094"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/google/zx/commit/5ba714d14ecf0555a74d4db96622840ac19839c5"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/google/zx"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/webpod/envapi/blob/v0.2.1/src/main/ts/envapi.ts#L74-L77"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "ZX Allows Environment Variable Injection for dotenv API"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

CVE-2025-24959 (GCVE-0-2025-24959)

FKIE_CVE-2025-24959

GHSA-QWP8-X4FF-5H87

Impact

Patches

Workarounds

References

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature