CVE-2025-38449 (GCVE-0-2025-38449)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-25 15:27 – Updated: 2026-01-02 15:30
VLAI?
Title
drm/gem: Acquire references on GEM handles for framebuffers
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/gem: Acquire references on GEM handles for framebuffers A GEM handle can be released while the GEM buffer object is attached to a DRM framebuffer. This leads to the release of the dma-buf backing the buffer object, if any. [1] Trying to use the framebuffer in further mode-setting operations leads to a segmentation fault. Most easily happens with driver that use shadow planes for vmap-ing the dma-buf during a page flip. An example is shown below. [ 156.791968] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 156.796830] WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 2255 at drivers/dma-buf/dma-buf.c:1527 dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430 [...] [ 156.942028] RIP: 0010:dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430 [ 157.043420] Call Trace: [ 157.045898] <TASK> [ 157.048030] ? show_trace_log_lvl+0x1af/0x2c0 [ 157.052436] ? show_trace_log_lvl+0x1af/0x2c0 [ 157.056836] ? show_trace_log_lvl+0x1af/0x2c0 [ 157.061253] ? drm_gem_shmem_vmap+0x74/0x710 [ 157.065567] ? dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430 [ 157.069446] ? __warn.cold+0x58/0xe4 [ 157.073061] ? dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430 [ 157.077111] ? report_bug+0x1dd/0x390 [ 157.080842] ? handle_bug+0x5e/0xa0 [ 157.084389] ? exc_invalid_op+0x14/0x50 [ 157.088291] ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x16/0x20 [ 157.092548] ? dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430 [ 157.096663] ? dma_resv_get_singleton+0x6d/0x230 [ 157.101341] ? __pfx_dma_buf_vmap+0x10/0x10 [ 157.105588] ? __pfx_dma_resv_get_singleton+0x10/0x10 [ 157.110697] drm_gem_shmem_vmap+0x74/0x710 [ 157.114866] drm_gem_vmap+0xa9/0x1b0 [ 157.118763] drm_gem_vmap_unlocked+0x46/0xa0 [ 157.123086] drm_gem_fb_vmap+0xab/0x300 [ 157.126979] drm_atomic_helper_prepare_planes.part.0+0x487/0xb10 [ 157.133032] ? lockdep_init_map_type+0x19d/0x880 [ 157.137701] drm_atomic_helper_commit+0x13d/0x2e0 [ 157.142671] ? drm_atomic_nonblocking_commit+0xa0/0x180 [ 157.147988] drm_mode_atomic_ioctl+0x766/0xe40 [...] [ 157.346424] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- Acquiring GEM handles for the framebuffer's GEM buffer objects prevents this from happening. The framebuffer's cleanup later puts the handle references. Commit 1a148af06000 ("drm/gem-shmem: Use dma_buf from GEM object instance") triggers the segmentation fault easily by using the dma-buf field more widely. The underlying issue with reference counting has been present before. v2: - acquire the handle instead of the BO (Christian) - fix comment style (Christian) - drop the Fixes tag (Christian) - rename err_ gotos - add missing Link tag
Severity ?
No CVSS data available.
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Affected: 319c933c71f3dbdb2b3274d1634d3494c70efa06 , < cb4c956a15f8b7f870649454771fc3761f504b5f (git)
Affected: 319c933c71f3dbdb2b3274d1634d3494c70efa06 , < 08480e285c6a82ce689008d643e4a51db0aaef8b (git)
Affected: 319c933c71f3dbdb2b3274d1634d3494c70efa06 , < 3cf520d9860d4ec9f7f32068825da31f18dd3f25 (git)
Affected: 319c933c71f3dbdb2b3274d1634d3494c70efa06 , < 5307dce878d4126e1b375587318955bd019c3741 (git)
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    Linux Linux Affected: 3.12
Unaffected: 0 , < 3.12 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.99 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.39 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.15.7 , ≤ 6.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.16 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem.c",
            "drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_framebuffer_helper.c",
            "drivers/gpu/drm/drm_internal.h"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
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              "version": "319c933c71f3dbdb2b3274d1634d3494c70efa06",
              "versionType": "git"
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              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem.c",
            "drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_framebuffer_helper.c",
            "drivers/gpu/drm/drm_internal.h"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3.12"
            },
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              "lessThan": "3.12",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.99",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.39",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.15.7",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.16",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.99",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.39",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.15.7",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.16",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/gem: Acquire references on GEM handles for framebuffers\n\nA GEM handle can be released while the GEM buffer object is attached\nto a DRM framebuffer. This leads to the release of the dma-buf backing\nthe buffer object, if any. [1] Trying to use the framebuffer in further\nmode-setting operations leads to a segmentation fault. Most easily\nhappens with driver that use shadow planes for vmap-ing the dma-buf\nduring a page flip. An example is shown below.\n\n[  156.791968] ------------[ cut here ]------------\n[  156.796830] WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 2255 at drivers/dma-buf/dma-buf.c:1527 dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430\n[...]\n[  156.942028] RIP: 0010:dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430\n[  157.043420] Call Trace:\n[  157.045898]  \u003cTASK\u003e\n[  157.048030]  ? show_trace_log_lvl+0x1af/0x2c0\n[  157.052436]  ? show_trace_log_lvl+0x1af/0x2c0\n[  157.056836]  ? show_trace_log_lvl+0x1af/0x2c0\n[  157.061253]  ? drm_gem_shmem_vmap+0x74/0x710\n[  157.065567]  ? dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430\n[  157.069446]  ? __warn.cold+0x58/0xe4\n[  157.073061]  ? dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430\n[  157.077111]  ? report_bug+0x1dd/0x390\n[  157.080842]  ? handle_bug+0x5e/0xa0\n[  157.084389]  ? exc_invalid_op+0x14/0x50\n[  157.088291]  ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x16/0x20\n[  157.092548]  ? dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430\n[  157.096663]  ? dma_resv_get_singleton+0x6d/0x230\n[  157.101341]  ? __pfx_dma_buf_vmap+0x10/0x10\n[  157.105588]  ? __pfx_dma_resv_get_singleton+0x10/0x10\n[  157.110697]  drm_gem_shmem_vmap+0x74/0x710\n[  157.114866]  drm_gem_vmap+0xa9/0x1b0\n[  157.118763]  drm_gem_vmap_unlocked+0x46/0xa0\n[  157.123086]  drm_gem_fb_vmap+0xab/0x300\n[  157.126979]  drm_atomic_helper_prepare_planes.part.0+0x487/0xb10\n[  157.133032]  ? lockdep_init_map_type+0x19d/0x880\n[  157.137701]  drm_atomic_helper_commit+0x13d/0x2e0\n[  157.142671]  ? drm_atomic_nonblocking_commit+0xa0/0x180\n[  157.147988]  drm_mode_atomic_ioctl+0x766/0xe40\n[...]\n[  157.346424] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\n\nAcquiring GEM handles for the framebuffer\u0027s GEM buffer objects prevents\nthis from happening. The framebuffer\u0027s cleanup later puts the handle\nreferences.\n\nCommit 1a148af06000 (\"drm/gem-shmem: Use dma_buf from GEM object\ninstance\") triggers the segmentation fault easily by using the dma-buf\nfield more widely. The underlying issue with reference counting has\nbeen present before.\n\nv2:\n- acquire the handle instead of the BO (Christian)\n- fix comment style (Christian)\n- drop the Fixes tag (Christian)\n- rename err_ gotos\n- add missing Link tag"
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-01-02T15:30:38.510Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cb4c956a15f8b7f870649454771fc3761f504b5f"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/08480e285c6a82ce689008d643e4a51db0aaef8b"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3cf520d9860d4ec9f7f32068825da31f18dd3f25"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5307dce878d4126e1b375587318955bd019c3741"
        }
      ],
      "title": "drm/gem: Acquire references on GEM handles for framebuffers",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-38449",
    "datePublished": "2025-07-25T15:27:30.702Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:24.018Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-01-02T15:30:38.510Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}


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