CVE-2025-38594 (GCVE-0-2025-38594)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-19 17:03 – Updated: 2025-09-29 05:54
VLAI?
Title
iommu/vt-d: Fix UAF on sva unbind with pending IOPFs
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
iommu/vt-d: Fix UAF on sva unbind with pending IOPFs
Commit 17fce9d2336d ("iommu/vt-d: Put iopf enablement in domain attach
path") disables IOPF on device by removing the device from its IOMMU's
IOPF queue when the last IOPF-capable domain is detached from the device.
Unfortunately, it did this in a wrong place where there are still pending
IOPFs. As a result, a use-after-free error is potentially triggered and
eventually a kernel panic with a kernel trace similar to the following:
refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free.
WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 313 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0xd8/0xe0
Workqueue: iopf_queue/dmar0-iopfq iommu_sva_handle_iopf
Call Trace:
<TASK>
iopf_free_group+0xe/0x20
process_one_work+0x197/0x3d0
worker_thread+0x23a/0x350
? rescuer_thread+0x4a0/0x4a0
kthread+0xf8/0x230
? finish_task_switch.isra.0+0x81/0x260
? kthreads_online_cpu+0x110/0x110
? kthreads_online_cpu+0x110/0x110
ret_from_fork+0x13b/0x170
? kthreads_online_cpu+0x110/0x110
ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20
</TASK>
---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
The intel_pasid_tear_down_entry() function is responsible for blocking
hardware from generating new page faults and flushing all in-flight
ones. Therefore, moving iopf_for_domain_remove() after this function
should resolve this.
Severity ?
No CVSS data available.
Assigner
References
Impacted products
{
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"programFiles": [
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"version": "6.16.1",
"versionType": "semver"
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"cpeApplicability": [
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"descriptions": [
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"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\niommu/vt-d: Fix UAF on sva unbind with pending IOPFs\n\nCommit 17fce9d2336d (\"iommu/vt-d: Put iopf enablement in domain attach\npath\") disables IOPF on device by removing the device from its IOMMU\u0027s\nIOPF queue when the last IOPF-capable domain is detached from the device.\nUnfortunately, it did this in a wrong place where there are still pending\nIOPFs. As a result, a use-after-free error is potentially triggered and\neventually a kernel panic with a kernel trace similar to the following:\n\n refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free.\n WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 313 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0xd8/0xe0\n Workqueue: iopf_queue/dmar0-iopfq iommu_sva_handle_iopf\n Call Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n iopf_free_group+0xe/0x20\n process_one_work+0x197/0x3d0\n worker_thread+0x23a/0x350\n ? rescuer_thread+0x4a0/0x4a0\n kthread+0xf8/0x230\n ? finish_task_switch.isra.0+0x81/0x260\n ? kthreads_online_cpu+0x110/0x110\n ? kthreads_online_cpu+0x110/0x110\n ret_from_fork+0x13b/0x170\n ? kthreads_online_cpu+0x110/0x110\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20\n \u003c/TASK\u003e\n ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\n\nThe intel_pasid_tear_down_entry() function is responsible for blocking\nhardware from generating new page faults and flushing all in-flight\nones. Therefore, moving iopf_for_domain_remove() after this function\nshould resolve this."
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-09-29T05:54:27.618Z",
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux"
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"references": [
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c68332b7ee893292bba6e87d31ef2080c066c65d"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f0b9d31c6edd50a6207489cd1bd4ddac814b9cd2"
}
],
"title": "iommu/vt-d: Fix UAF on sva unbind with pending IOPFs",
"x_generator": {
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"cveMetadata": {
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"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-38594",
"datePublished": "2025-08-19T17:03:19.689Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:24.028Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-09-29T05:54:27.618Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
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Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
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- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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