Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2025-4144 (GCVE-0-2025-4144)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-01 00:50 – Updated: 2025-05-01 15:33

Title

PKCE bypass via downgrade attack

Summary

PKCE was implemented in the OAuth implementation in workers-oauth-provider that is part of MCP framework https://github.com/cloudflare/workers-mcp . However, it was found that an attacker could cause the check to be skipped. Fixed in: https://github.com/cloudflare/workers-oauth-provider/pull/27 https://github.com/cloudflare/workers-oauth-provider/pull/27 Impact: PKCE is a defense-in-depth mechanism against certain kinds of attacks and was an optional extension in OAuth 2.0 which became required in the OAuth 2.1 draft. (Note that the MCP specification requires OAuth 2.1.). This bug completely bypasses PKCE protection.

Severity ?

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/U:Amber

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication

Assigner

cloudflare

References

URL

Tags

https://github.com/cloudflare/workers-oauth-provi…

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
			Affected: 0 , < 0.0.5 (git)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

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GHSA-QGP8-V765-QXX9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-01 17:01 – Updated: 2025-05-01 17:01

Summary

@cloudflare/workers-oauth-provider PKCE bypass via downgrade attack

Details

Summary

PKCE was implemented in the OAuth implementation in workers-oauth-provider that is part of MCP framework. However, it was found that an attacker could cause the check to be skipped.

Impact

PKCE is a defense-in-depth mechanism against certain kinds of attacks and was an optional extension in OAuth 2.0 which became required in the OAuth 2.1 draft. (Note that the MCP specification requires OAuth 2.1.) This bug completely bypasses PKCE protection.

Patches

Fixed in: https://github.com/cloudflare/workers-oauth-provider/pull/27

We patched up the vulnerabilities in the latest version, v 0.0.5 of the Workers OAuth provider (https://www.npmjs.com/package/@cloudflare/workers-oauth-provider). You'll need to update your MCP servers to use that version to resolve the vulnerability.

Workarounds

None

Severity ?

5.3 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@cloudflare/workers-oauth-provider"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.0.5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-4144"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-05-01T17:01:42Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nPKCE was implemented in the OAuth implementation in workers-oauth-provider that is part of[ MCP framework](https://github.com/cloudflare/workers-mcp). However, it was found that an attacker could cause the check to be skipped.\n\n### Impact\nPKCE is a defense-in-depth mechanism against certain kinds of attacks and was an optional extension in OAuth 2.0 which became required in the OAuth 2.1 draft. (Note that the MCP specification requires OAuth 2.1.)\nThis bug completely bypasses PKCE protection.\n\n\n### Patches\nFixed in: https://github.com/cloudflare/workers-oauth-provider/pull/27\n\nWe patched up the vulnerabilities in the latest version, v 0.0.5 of the Workers OAuth provider (https://www.npmjs.com/package/@cloudflare/workers-oauth-provider). You\u0027ll need to update your MCP servers to use that version to resolve the vulnerability.\n\n### Workarounds\nNone",
  "id": "GHSA-qgp8-v765-qxx9",
  "modified": "2025-05-01T17:01:42Z",
  "published": "2025-05-01T17:01:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cloudflare/workers-oauth-provider/security/advisories/GHSA-qgp8-v765-qxx9"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-4144"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cloudflare/workers-oauth-provider/pull/27"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/cloudflare/workers-oauth-provider"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "@cloudflare/workers-oauth-provider PKCE bypass via downgrade attack"
}

FKIE_CVE-2025-4144

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-05-01 01:15 - Updated: 2025-05-12 19:39

Severity ?

9.8 (Critical) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	cna@cloudflare.com	https://github.com/cloudflare/workers-oauth-provider/pull/27	Issue Tracking, Patch

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	cloudflare	workers-oauth-provider	0.0.5

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:cloudflare:workers-oauth-provider:0.0.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "9B01663B-708A-4C77-9347-EA3AC30A5C94",
              "vulnerable": true
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          "negate": false,
          "operator": "OR"
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    }
  ],
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    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "PKCE se implement\u00f3 en la implementaci\u00f3n de OAuth en workers-oauth-provider, que forma parte del framework MCP (https://github.com/cloudflare/workers-mcp). Sin embargo, se detect\u00f3 que un atacante podr\u00eda omitir la comprobaci\u00f3n. Corregido en: https://github.com/cloudflare/workers-oauth-provider/pull/27 https://github.com/cloudflare/workers-oauth-provider/pull/27 Impacto: PKCE es un mecanismo de defensa en profundidad contra ciertos tipos de ataques y era una extensi\u00f3n opcional en OAuth 2.0, que se convirti\u00f3 en obligatoria en el borrador de OAuth 2.1. (Tenga en cuenta que la especificaci\u00f3n MCP requiere OAuth 2.1). Este error ignora por completo la protecci\u00f3n de PKCE."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-4144",
  "lastModified": "2025-05-12T19:39:31.053",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 9.8,
          "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "type": "Primary"
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV40": [
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        "cvssData": {
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          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
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          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "baseScore": 5.3,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "providerUrgency": "AMBER",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:Amber",
          "version": "4.0",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
        },
        "source": "cna@cloudflare.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2025-05-01T01:15:54.267",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "cna@cloudflare.com",
      "tags": [
        "Issue Tracking",
        "Patch"
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      "url": "https://github.com/cloudflare/workers-oauth-provider/pull/27"
    }
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  "sourceIdentifier": "cna@cloudflare.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
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    {
      "description": [
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          "value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"
        }
      ],
      "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

CVE-2025-4144 (GCVE-0-2025-4144)

GHSA-QGP8-V765-QXX9

Summary

Impact

Patches

Workarounds

FKIE_CVE-2025-4144

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature