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alsa-2025:15447
Vulnerability from osv_almalinux
Published
2025-09-08 00:00
Modified
2025-09-15 08:57
Summary
Important: kernel security update
Details
The kernel packages contain the Linux kernel, the core of any Linux operating system.
Security Fix(es):
- kernel: drm/vkms: Fix use after free and double free on init error (CVE-2025-22097)
- kernel: udmabuf: fix a buf size overflow issue during udmabuf creation (CVE-2025-37803)
- kernel: net/sched: Always pass notifications when child class becomes empty (CVE-2025-38350)
- kernel: drm/gem: Acquire references on GEM handles for framebuffers (CVE-2025-38449)
For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:10",
"name": "kernel-abi-stablelists"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.12.0-55.31.1.el10_0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "AlmaLinux:10",
"name": "kernel-doc"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.12.0-55.31.1.el10_0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"details": "The kernel packages contain the Linux kernel, the core of any Linux operating system. \n\nSecurity Fix(es): \n\n * kernel: drm/vkms: Fix use after free and double free on init error (CVE-2025-22097)\n * kernel: udmabuf: fix a buf size overflow issue during udmabuf creation (CVE-2025-37803)\n * kernel: net/sched: Always pass notifications when child class becomes empty (CVE-2025-38350)\n * kernel: drm/gem: Acquire references on GEM handles for framebuffers (CVE-2025-38449)\n\n\nFor more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.\n",
"id": "ALSA-2025:15447",
"modified": "2025-09-15T08:57:56Z",
"published": "2025-09-08T00:00:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:15447"
},
{
"type": "REPORT",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-22097"
},
{
"type": "REPORT",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-37803"
},
{
"type": "REPORT",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-38350"
},
{
"type": "REPORT",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-38449"
},
{
"type": "REPORT",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2360223"
},
{
"type": "REPORT",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2365013"
},
{
"type": "REPORT",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2382054"
},
{
"type": "REPORT",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2383519"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://errata.almalinux.org/10/ALSA-2025-15447.html"
}
],
"related": [
"CVE-2025-22097",
"CVE-2025-37803",
"CVE-2025-38350",
"CVE-2025-38449"
],
"summary": "Important: kernel security update"
}
CVE-2025-38449 (GCVE-0-2025-38449)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-25 15:27 – Updated: 2026-01-02 15:30
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
drm/gem: Acquire references on GEM handles for framebuffers
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
drm/gem: Acquire references on GEM handles for framebuffers
A GEM handle can be released while the GEM buffer object is attached
to a DRM framebuffer. This leads to the release of the dma-buf backing
the buffer object, if any. [1] Trying to use the framebuffer in further
mode-setting operations leads to a segmentation fault. Most easily
happens with driver that use shadow planes for vmap-ing the dma-buf
during a page flip. An example is shown below.
[ 156.791968] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[ 156.796830] WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 2255 at drivers/dma-buf/dma-buf.c:1527 dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430
[...]
[ 156.942028] RIP: 0010:dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430
[ 157.043420] Call Trace:
[ 157.045898] <TASK>
[ 157.048030] ? show_trace_log_lvl+0x1af/0x2c0
[ 157.052436] ? show_trace_log_lvl+0x1af/0x2c0
[ 157.056836] ? show_trace_log_lvl+0x1af/0x2c0
[ 157.061253] ? drm_gem_shmem_vmap+0x74/0x710
[ 157.065567] ? dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430
[ 157.069446] ? __warn.cold+0x58/0xe4
[ 157.073061] ? dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430
[ 157.077111] ? report_bug+0x1dd/0x390
[ 157.080842] ? handle_bug+0x5e/0xa0
[ 157.084389] ? exc_invalid_op+0x14/0x50
[ 157.088291] ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x16/0x20
[ 157.092548] ? dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430
[ 157.096663] ? dma_resv_get_singleton+0x6d/0x230
[ 157.101341] ? __pfx_dma_buf_vmap+0x10/0x10
[ 157.105588] ? __pfx_dma_resv_get_singleton+0x10/0x10
[ 157.110697] drm_gem_shmem_vmap+0x74/0x710
[ 157.114866] drm_gem_vmap+0xa9/0x1b0
[ 157.118763] drm_gem_vmap_unlocked+0x46/0xa0
[ 157.123086] drm_gem_fb_vmap+0xab/0x300
[ 157.126979] drm_atomic_helper_prepare_planes.part.0+0x487/0xb10
[ 157.133032] ? lockdep_init_map_type+0x19d/0x880
[ 157.137701] drm_atomic_helper_commit+0x13d/0x2e0
[ 157.142671] ? drm_atomic_nonblocking_commit+0xa0/0x180
[ 157.147988] drm_mode_atomic_ioctl+0x766/0xe40
[...]
[ 157.346424] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
Acquiring GEM handles for the framebuffer's GEM buffer objects prevents
this from happening. The framebuffer's cleanup later puts the handle
references.
Commit 1a148af06000 ("drm/gem-shmem: Use dma_buf from GEM object
instance") triggers the segmentation fault easily by using the dma-buf
field more widely. The underlying issue with reference counting has
been present before.
v2:
- acquire the handle instead of the BO (Christian)
- fix comment style (Christian)
- drop the Fixes tag (Christian)
- rename err_ gotos
- add missing Link tag
Severity ?
No CVSS data available.
Assigner
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
319c933c71f3dbdb2b3274d1634d3494c70efa06 , < cb4c956a15f8b7f870649454771fc3761f504b5f
(git)
Affected: 319c933c71f3dbdb2b3274d1634d3494c70efa06 , < 08480e285c6a82ce689008d643e4a51db0aaef8b (git) Affected: 319c933c71f3dbdb2b3274d1634d3494c70efa06 , < 3cf520d9860d4ec9f7f32068825da31f18dd3f25 (git) Affected: 319c933c71f3dbdb2b3274d1634d3494c70efa06 , < 5307dce878d4126e1b375587318955bd019c3741 (git) |
||
{
"containers": {
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{
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"product": "Linux",
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"versionType": "git"
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"drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_framebuffer_helper.c",
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],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
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"version": "3.12"
},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.6.99",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.12.39",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.15.7",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.16",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.6.99",
"versionStartIncluding": "3.12",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.12.39",
"versionStartIncluding": "3.12",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.15.7",
"versionStartIncluding": "3.12",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.16",
"versionStartIncluding": "3.12",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/gem: Acquire references on GEM handles for framebuffers\n\nA GEM handle can be released while the GEM buffer object is attached\nto a DRM framebuffer. This leads to the release of the dma-buf backing\nthe buffer object, if any. [1] Trying to use the framebuffer in further\nmode-setting operations leads to a segmentation fault. Most easily\nhappens with driver that use shadow planes for vmap-ing the dma-buf\nduring a page flip. An example is shown below.\n\n[ 156.791968] ------------[ cut here ]------------\n[ 156.796830] WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 2255 at drivers/dma-buf/dma-buf.c:1527 dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430\n[...]\n[ 156.942028] RIP: 0010:dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430\n[ 157.043420] Call Trace:\n[ 157.045898] \u003cTASK\u003e\n[ 157.048030] ? show_trace_log_lvl+0x1af/0x2c0\n[ 157.052436] ? show_trace_log_lvl+0x1af/0x2c0\n[ 157.056836] ? show_trace_log_lvl+0x1af/0x2c0\n[ 157.061253] ? drm_gem_shmem_vmap+0x74/0x710\n[ 157.065567] ? dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430\n[ 157.069446] ? __warn.cold+0x58/0xe4\n[ 157.073061] ? dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430\n[ 157.077111] ? report_bug+0x1dd/0x390\n[ 157.080842] ? handle_bug+0x5e/0xa0\n[ 157.084389] ? exc_invalid_op+0x14/0x50\n[ 157.088291] ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x16/0x20\n[ 157.092548] ? dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430\n[ 157.096663] ? dma_resv_get_singleton+0x6d/0x230\n[ 157.101341] ? __pfx_dma_buf_vmap+0x10/0x10\n[ 157.105588] ? __pfx_dma_resv_get_singleton+0x10/0x10\n[ 157.110697] drm_gem_shmem_vmap+0x74/0x710\n[ 157.114866] drm_gem_vmap+0xa9/0x1b0\n[ 157.118763] drm_gem_vmap_unlocked+0x46/0xa0\n[ 157.123086] drm_gem_fb_vmap+0xab/0x300\n[ 157.126979] drm_atomic_helper_prepare_planes.part.0+0x487/0xb10\n[ 157.133032] ? lockdep_init_map_type+0x19d/0x880\n[ 157.137701] drm_atomic_helper_commit+0x13d/0x2e0\n[ 157.142671] ? drm_atomic_nonblocking_commit+0xa0/0x180\n[ 157.147988] drm_mode_atomic_ioctl+0x766/0xe40\n[...]\n[ 157.346424] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\n\nAcquiring GEM handles for the framebuffer\u0027s GEM buffer objects prevents\nthis from happening. The framebuffer\u0027s cleanup later puts the handle\nreferences.\n\nCommit 1a148af06000 (\"drm/gem-shmem: Use dma_buf from GEM object\ninstance\") triggers the segmentation fault easily by using the dma-buf\nfield more widely. The underlying issue with reference counting has\nbeen present before.\n\nv2:\n- acquire the handle instead of the BO (Christian)\n- fix comment style (Christian)\n- drop the Fixes tag (Christian)\n- rename err_ gotos\n- add missing Link tag"
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-01-02T15:30:38.510Z",
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux"
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"references": [
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cb4c956a15f8b7f870649454771fc3761f504b5f"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/08480e285c6a82ce689008d643e4a51db0aaef8b"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3cf520d9860d4ec9f7f32068825da31f18dd3f25"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5307dce878d4126e1b375587318955bd019c3741"
}
],
"title": "drm/gem: Acquire references on GEM handles for framebuffers",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-38449",
"datePublished": "2025-07-25T15:27:30.702Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:24.018Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-01-02T15:30:38.510Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
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"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-37803 (GCVE-0-2025-37803)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-08 06:26 – Updated: 2025-11-03 19:55
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
udmabuf: fix a buf size overflow issue during udmabuf creation
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
udmabuf: fix a buf size overflow issue during udmabuf creation
by casting size_limit_mb to u64 when calculate pglimit.
Severity ?
7.8 (High)
CWE
- CWE-120 - Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
fbb0de795078190a9834b3409e4b009cfb18a6d4 , < e84a08fc7e25cdad5d9a3def42cc770ff711193f
(git)
Affected: fbb0de795078190a9834b3409e4b009cfb18a6d4 , < 13fe12c037b470321436deec393030c6153cfeb9 (git) Affected: fbb0de795078190a9834b3409e4b009cfb18a6d4 , < 373512760e13fdaa726faa9502d0f5be2abb3d33 (git) Affected: fbb0de795078190a9834b3409e4b009cfb18a6d4 , < 3f6c9d66e0f8eb9679b57913aa64b4d2266f6fbe (git) Affected: fbb0de795078190a9834b3409e4b009cfb18a6d4 , < b2ff4e9c599b000833d16a917f519aa2e4a75de2 (git) Affected: fbb0de795078190a9834b3409e4b009cfb18a6d4 , < 29b65a3171a49c9b69f31035146be966cec40b7a (git) Affected: fbb0de795078190a9834b3409e4b009cfb18a6d4 , < 2b8419c6ecf69007dcff54ea0b9f0b215282c55a (git) Affected: fbb0de795078190a9834b3409e4b009cfb18a6d4 , < 021ba7f1babd029e714d13a6bf2571b08af96d0f (git) |
|||||||
|
|||||||||
{
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"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
}
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"other": {
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{
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"timestamp": "2025-10-01T14:55:02.366865Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
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"versions": [
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{
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"status": "unaffected",
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{
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CVE-2025-38350 (GCVE-0-2025-38350)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-19 06:46 – Updated: 2025-11-03 17:37
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
net/sched: Always pass notifications when child class becomes empty
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net/sched: Always pass notifications when child class becomes empty
Certain classful qdiscs may invoke their classes' dequeue handler on an
enqueue operation. This may unexpectedly empty the child qdisc and thus
make an in-flight class passive via qlen_notify(). Most qdiscs do not
expect such behaviour at this point in time and may re-activate the
class eventually anyways which will lead to a use-after-free.
The referenced fix commit attempted to fix this behavior for the HFSC
case by moving the backlog accounting around, though this turned out to
be incomplete since the parent's parent may run into the issue too.
The following reproducer demonstrates this use-after-free:
tc qdisc add dev lo root handle 1: drr
tc filter add dev lo parent 1: basic classid 1:1
tc class add dev lo parent 1: classid 1:1 drr
tc qdisc add dev lo parent 1:1 handle 2: hfsc def 1
tc class add dev lo parent 2: classid 2:1 hfsc rt m1 8 d 1 m2 0
tc qdisc add dev lo parent 2:1 handle 3: netem
tc qdisc add dev lo parent 3:1 handle 4: blackhole
echo 1 | socat -u STDIN UDP4-DATAGRAM:127.0.0.1:8888
tc class delete dev lo classid 1:1
echo 1 | socat -u STDIN UDP4-DATAGRAM:127.0.0.1:8888
Since backlog accounting issues leading to a use-after-frees on stale
class pointers is a recurring pattern at this point, this patch takes
a different approach. Instead of trying to fix the accounting, the patch
ensures that qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog always calls qlen_notify when
the child qdisc is empty. This solves the problem because deletion of
qdiscs always involves a call to qdisc_reset() and / or
qdisc_purge_queue() which ultimately resets its qlen to 0 thus causing
the following qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog() to report to the parent. Note
that this may call qlen_notify on passive classes multiple times. This
is not a problem after the recent patch series that made all the
classful qdiscs qlen_notify() handlers idempotent.
Severity ?
No CVSS data available.
Assigner
References
| URL | Tags | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
1034e3310752e8675e313f7271b348914008719a , < 3b290923ad2b23596208c1e29520badef4356a43
(git)
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CVE-2025-22097 (GCVE-0-2025-22097)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-16 14:12 – Updated: 2025-11-03 19:42
VLAI?
EPSS
Title
drm/vkms: Fix use after free and double free on init error
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
drm/vkms: Fix use after free and double free on init error
If the driver initialization fails, the vkms_exit() function might
access an uninitialized or freed default_config pointer and it might
double free it.
Fix both possible errors by initializing default_config only when the
driver initialization succeeded.
Severity ?
7.8 (High)
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
References
| URL | Tags | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
2df7af93fdadb9ba8226fe443fae15ecdefda2a6 , < 49a69f67f53518bdd9b7eeebf019a2da6cc0e954
(git)
Affected: 2df7af93fdadb9ba8226fe443fae15ecdefda2a6 , < 79d138d137b80eeb0a83244d1cff29e64cf91067 (git) Affected: 2df7af93fdadb9ba8226fe443fae15ecdefda2a6 , < 561fc0c5cf41f646f3e9e61784cbc0fc832fb936 (git) Affected: 2df7af93fdadb9ba8226fe443fae15ecdefda2a6 , < d5eb8e347905ab17788a7903fa1d3d06747355f5 (git) Affected: 2df7af93fdadb9ba8226fe443fae15ecdefda2a6 , < b8a18bb53e06d6d3c1fd03d12533d6e333ba8853 (git) Affected: 2df7af93fdadb9ba8226fe443fae15ecdefda2a6 , < 1f68f1cf09d06061eb549726ff8339e064eddebd (git) Affected: 2df7af93fdadb9ba8226fe443fae15ecdefda2a6 , < ed15511a773df86205bda66c37193569575ae828 (git) |
|||||||
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{
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]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"drivers/gpu/drm/vkms/vkms_drv.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.12"
},
{
"lessThan": "5.12",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.15.180",
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},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.1.134",
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},
{
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"version": "6.6.87",
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},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.12.23",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.13.11",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.14.2",
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},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.15",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
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"nodes": [
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"vulnerable": true
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}
],
"negate": false,
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}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/vkms: Fix use after free and double free on init error\n\nIf the driver initialization fails, the vkms_exit() function might\naccess an uninitialized or freed default_config pointer and it might\ndouble free it.\n\nFix both possible errors by initializing default_config only when the\ndriver initialization succeeded."
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-05-26T05:18:23.981Z",
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/49a69f67f53518bdd9b7eeebf019a2da6cc0e954"
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{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/79d138d137b80eeb0a83244d1cff29e64cf91067"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/561fc0c5cf41f646f3e9e61784cbc0fc832fb936"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d5eb8e347905ab17788a7903fa1d3d06747355f5"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b8a18bb53e06d6d3c1fd03d12533d6e333ba8853"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1f68f1cf09d06061eb549726ff8339e064eddebd"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ed15511a773df86205bda66c37193569575ae828"
}
],
"title": "drm/vkms: Fix use after free and double free on init error",
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}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-22097",
"datePublished": "2025-04-16T14:12:47.649Z",
"dateReserved": "2024-12-29T08:45:45.818Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:42:13.124Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
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Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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